What is Coronavirus?
Coronaviruses are a large species of viruses that may cause disease to animals and humans. A number of coronaviruses are known to cause respiratory infections in humans, ranging from common colds to more severe diseases such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). The recently discovered Coronavirus (CORONA) causes COV-19.
What is Covid-19 disease?
Covid-19 is an infectious disease caused by the recently discovered Coronavirus. There was no knowledge of the presence of the virus and the disease emerging prior to the outbreak in the Chinese city of Johan in December 2019.
What are the symptoms of Covid-19?
The most common symptoms of Covid-19 are fever, fatigue and dry cough. Some patients may experience pain, aches, nasal congestion, coldness, sore throat, or diarrhea. These symptoms are usually mild and gradually begin.
Some people become infected without showing any symptoms and without feeling sick. Most people (about 80%) are recovering. of the disease without the need for special treatment.
Approximately one in six people with Covid-19 infection is most acute in the disease, where they have difficulty breathing. Older people and people with basic medical problems such as high blood pressure, heart disease or diabetes are more likely to develop severe diseases. About 2% of those who have contracted the disease have died.
People with fever, cough and difficulty breathing should seek medical attention.
How does Covid-19 spread?
People can be infected with Covid-19 through other people living with the virus. The disease can be transmitted from person to person through small catheters that are scattered from the nose or mouth when a person with Covid-19 coughs or sneezes.
These villages fall on objects and surfaces surrounding the person. Other people can then develop Covid-19 disease when they touch these objects or surfaces and then touch their eyes, nose or mouth. People can also develop Cofed-19 if they breathe the villages that come out of the affected person with their cough or exhalation. It is therefore important to stay away from the sick person more than one meter (3 feet).
WHO is assessing ongoing research on the prevalence of Covid-19 disease and will continue to publish its latest findings.
Can the virus causing Covid-19 to be transmitted through the air?
Studies carried out to date indicate that the virus that causes Covid-19 disease is transmitted primarily through contact with respiratory droplets rather than through the air. See the answer to the previous question: 'How does Covid-19 disease spread?'
Can a person get sick by asymptomatic?
The main method of transmission of the disease is the respiratory droplets that a person secretes when coughing. The risk of Covid-19 disease is diminished by someone asymptomatic.
But many people with the disease have only slight symptoms. This is especially true in the early stages of the disease. Therefore, Covid-19 can be infected by a person who suffers from a mild cough and does not feel ill. WHO is assessing ongoing research on the transmission period of Covid-19 and will continue to publish the latest findings.
Can I catch Covid-19 disease by stools of someone who has the disease?
The risk of transmission of Covid-19 disease through the stool of an infected person is limited. While initial investigations suggest that the virus may be present in feces in some cases, its spread through this pathway is not a major feature of the outbreak. WHO is assessing ongoing research on ways to spread Covid-19 disease and will continue to publish new findings. But given the risks involved, it is another reason to clean hands regularly after using the toilet and before eating.
How can I protect myself and prevent the spread of the disease?
Keep up-to-date on the latest information on the Covid-19 disease outbreak that is available on the WHO website and issued by your country's national and local public health authorities. Many countries in the world have reported cases of Covid-19, and many have experienced outbreaks. The relevant authorities in China and some other countries have succeeded in slowing the spread of their outbreaks or completely halting them. Since it is difficult to predict the development of the situation, please see regularly the latest news.
You can reduce your risk of developing Covid-19 disease or its spread by taking a few simple precautions:
You can reduce your risk of developing Covid-19 disease or its spread by taking a few simple precautions:
- Clean your hands regularly, by rubbing them with an alcohol-based hand sanitizer or by washing them with soap and water.
- Keep at least 1 meter (3 feet) between you and anyone coughing or sneezing.
- Avoid touching your eyes, nose, and mouth.
- Ensure that you and those around you follow good respiratory hygiene practices. This means covering your mouth and nose with your bent elbow or tissue paper when coughing or sneezing, and then immediately disposing of the used tissue.
- Go home if you feel sick. If you have a fever, cough, and trouble breathing, seek medical attention and contact your care provider before going to him. Follow the directions of the local health authorities.
- Stay up to date on the latest developments in Covid-19 disease. Follow the advice of your health care provider, national and local public health authorities, or your employer on how to protect yourself and others from Covid-19 disease.
- Keep up-to-date on the latest information on hotbeds of Covid-19 infection (cities or localities where Covid-19 disease is widespread). And avoid traveling to these places as much as possible, especially if you are elderly, have diabetes, or have a heart or lung disease.Why? Because you are more likely to get Covid-19 infection in one of these areas.
Protection measures for people visiting or recently visited areas where Covid-19 disease has spread (last 14 days)
- Follow the instructions above (protection measures for all)
- If you begin to feel unwell, even with mild symptoms such as headache, low-grade fever (37.3 ° C or more) and a slight runny nose, isolate yourself by staying at home until you fully recover. And if it takes the help of someone to bring the supplies you need, or if you have to go out to buy what you eat, for example, wear a mask to avoid transmitting the infection to other people.
Why? Avoiding contact with others and visiting medical facilities will allow these facilities to function more effectively, and will help protect you and others from the virus that causes Covid-19 and other viruses.
- If you have a fever, cough, and difficulty breathing, seek medical advice right away, you may have a respiratory infection or other severe illness. Call before going to the caregiver and tell them if you have traveled or been in contact with any travelers recently.
Why? Your pre-contact with your care provider will allow you to direct you quickly to the appropriate health care facility. This will also help prevent any possible spread of the Covid-19 virus and other viruses.
What are your chances of developing Covid-19 disease?
The danger depends on where you are, and more specifically, whether Covid-19 infection is spreading there.
For most people in most places, the risk of developing Covid-19 infection remains low. However, there are some places in the world (cities or regions) that the disease is currently spreading. The risk of developing Covid-19 infection is higher for people who live in or visit these areas. Governments and health authorities are now taking strict measures whenever a new case of Covid-19 is revealed. So, make sure that you comply with any restrictions imposed locally on travel, transportation, or large gatherings. Cooperation with the agencies concerned with disease control would reduce the risk and spread of Covid-19 disease.
Should I be concerned about Covid-19 disease?
The disease caused by infection with the emerging coronavirus (Covid-19) is generally mild, especially in children and young adults. However, it can cause serious illness, as about 1 in 5 people with this disease need hospital care. Therefore, it is only natural for people to be concerned about how the outbreak of Covid-19 disease affects them and their loved ones.
We can properly address our anxiety by turning it into measures to protect ourselves, our loved ones, and our local communities. On top of these procedures are regular and extensive hand-washing and good respiratory practices. Second, see and adhere to the advice of local health authorities, including restrictions that may be imposed on travel, movement and gatherings.
Who are at risk for severe disease?
We still know the impact of Covid-19 disease on people, yet it appears that the elderly and people with pre-existing medical conditions (such as high blood pressure, heart disease, and diabetes) have more severe illnesses than others.
Are antibiotics effective in preventing or treating Covid-2019 disease?
No. Antibiotics do not eliminate viruses, they only kill bacterial infections. Since Covid-19 disease is caused by a virus, antibiotics do not eliminate it. Antibiotics should not be used as a means to prevent or treat Covid-19 disease. It should only be used in accordance with your doctor's instructions to treat bacterial infections.
Are there any medications or treatments that can prevent or treat Covid-19 disease?
While some western, traditional or home medicines may relieve or reduce some of the symptoms of Covid-19, there is no evidence that there are currently medications that can prevent or treat this disease. WHO does not recommend self-medication with any medications, including antibiotics, either to prevent or treat Covid-19 disease. However, there are several clinical trials underway that include both western and traditional medicines. WHO will continue to provide updated information in this regard when clinical results are available.
Is there a vaccine, medicine, or treatment for Covid-2019?
Not yet. To date, there is neither a vaccine nor a specific antiviral medication to prevent or treat Covid-2019 disease. However, those with it should receive care to relieve symptoms. People with severe illness should be hospitalized. Most patients recover with supportive care.
Some potential vaccines and drugs specifically needed to treat this disease are being investigated. It is being tested by clinical trials. WHO coordinates efforts to develop vaccines and medicines to prevent and treat Covid-19 disease.
The most effective ways to protect yourself and others from Covid-19 disease are to keep cleaning hands, cover the mouth when coughing by bending the elbow or a tissue, and stay at least 1 meter (3 feet) from people who cough or sneeze.
Is Covid-19 disease the same as SARS?
No. There is a genetic association between the virus that causes Covid-19 and the virus that causes severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), but they are different. SARS is more deadly than Covid-19, but it is much less infected than it is. No place in the world has seen any SARS outbreak since 2003.
Should I put a muzzle to protect myself?
Do not wear a muzzle unless you have symptoms of Covid-19 disease (especially coughing) or if you are caring for someone who may have this disease. You cannot use the single-use muzzle only once. If you are not sick or if you care for a sick person, you will have wasted a muzzle unnecessarily. Given the lack of masks supplies globally, the organization is urging people to be wise to use them.
The organization recommends rational use of gags to avoid unnecessarily wasting and misappropriating valuable resources (see guidance on using masks).
The most effective ways to protect yourself and others from Covid-19 disease are to repeatedly clean your hands, cover your mouth when coughing by bending the elbow or a tissue, and leave a distance of at least one meter (3 feet) from people who cough or sneeze. For more information, see basic protection measures against the emerging coronavirus.
How to put, use, remove and dispose of the muzzle
1- Remember that the use of the muzzle should be limited to health workers, caregivers and people with respiratory symptoms such as fever and cough.
2- Before touching the muzzle, clean your hands by rubbing them with an alcohol cleaner or by washing them with soap and water.
3- Hold the muzzle and check it to make sure it is not torn or perforated.
4- Select the top end of the muzzle (the position of the metal strip).
5- Make sure to point the correct side of the muzzle out (the colored side).
6- Place the mask on your face. Press the metallic tape or the hardened tip of the muzzle to shape your nose.
7- Pull the bottom of the muzzle to cover your mouth and chin.
8- After use, remove the muzzle by removing the elastic band from behind the ears, keeping the muzzle away from your face and clothes to avoid coming into contact with potentially contaminated muzzle parts.
9- Dispose of the used mask immediately by throwing it in a closed waste bin.
10- Clean your hands after touching the muzzle or throwing it by rubbing it with an alcohol disinfectant, or if washing them with soap and water if they are clearly dirty.
How long does the incubation period for Covid-19 take?
The term 'incubation period' refers to the duration of HIV infection to the onset of symptoms of the disease. Most estimates of the incubation period for Covid-19 range from one to 14 days, usually five days. These estimates will be updated as more data becomes available.
Can Covid-19 infection be transmitted to humans from an animal source?
Coronaviruses are a large species of viruses common among bats and animals. In rare cases, people become infected with these viruses, which they then transmit to others. For example, mers-cov, which is associated with civet cats, and MERS-Covone virus that has moved the camel route. The potential animal sources of Covid-19 have not yet been confirmed.
To protect yourself, for example, when visiting live animal markets, avoid direct contact with animals and animal contact surfaces. Ensure that good food safety practices are followed at all times with due diligence when dealing with raw meat, raw milk, and animal organs to avoid contamination of undercooked foods, and to avoid eating raw or undercooked animal products.
Can I get Covid-19 through my pet?
Although a dog has been infected with Covid-19 infection in Hong Kong, there is still no scientific evidence that Covid-19 can be transmitted from a dog, cat or pet. Covid-19 is mainly spread by droplets produced by an infected person when he coughs, sneezes or speaks. To protect yourself from infection, clean your hands thoroughly and frequently.
How long does the virus survive on the surface?
It is not known for sure how long the covid-19 virus will survive on surfaces, but it appears to be similar to another coronavirus. Studies indicate that coronaviruses (including preliminary information on the covid-19 virus) may remain alive on surfaces for a few hours or several days. This may vary depending on the conditions (e.g. surface type, temperature or environmental humidity).
If you think a surface may be contaminated, clean it with a regular disinfectant to kill the virus and protect yourself and others. Clean your hands by rubbing them with an alcohol disinfectant or washing them with soap and water. Avoid touching your eyes, mouth or nose.
Is it safe to receive parcels from areas that have reported cases of Covid-19 disease?
Yes. The risk of contamination of commercial goods by an infected person is low, and the risk of contracting the virus that causes Covid-19 through transport, shipment, and exposure to various conditions and temperatures is low.
Are there things I should avoid?
The following measures are ineffective in the face of Covid-19 and may even be harmful:
- Smoking
- Use multiple muzzles
- Antibiotic use
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